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<title><![CDATA[陈郑华的blog]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/index.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[陈郑华的blog]]></description>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[《毛主席在花山》教学随笔]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2010/1685.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 119.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 8.5"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《毛主席在花山》教学随笔</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《毛主席在花山》是一篇略读课文。这篇课文通过叙述了毛主席在花山的几件事，表现了毛主席热爱群众、关心群众、愿意和群众打成一片的革命情怀。教学这篇课文时，在学生读通课文之后，我再让学生认真地读一读课文，然后用自己的语言简要地说说课文讲了毛主席在花山的几件事，再想一想从中表现了毛主席的什么品质。学生认真地读书并讨论交流，就得出了答案。我再引导学生理解一些重点句子，通过理解这些句子，学生对毛主席的高贵品质有了进一步的了解。接着，再让学生思考一下哪些内容写得比较详细，哪些内容写得比较简略，为什么要这样安排？通过讨论交流，让学生掌握了一定的写作技巧。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">比如：在学生了解了课文写毛主席的哪三件事之后，我先让学生阅读第一件事情，划出描写毛主席的句子，圈出最让你感动的字词，体会一下。学生很快找到，交流的时候发现学生很会找，也基本上能说出自己的理解。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">又如：在讲第二自然段的时候，有学生说毛主席在看地图时还想到群众没有来碾米，说明他很关注群众的生活。另一学生马上说我还从第一自然段的临时借用看出毛主席只是短期在这里住，才住的不久就知道了群众的生活习惯，说明他很关心群众。这时，我马上鼓励他很会读，能联系上文来理解。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">那么，在下面的学习中马上就有学生也学他那样联系上下文感悟，在阅读第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自然段送茶叶的时候就有学生联系的上文“每天”说明主席并不是只这一天给群众送茶叶。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文章细细读来，还有许许多多地方都能体现毛主席的品质，学生说到“皱眉、放下、任务、请”等词语，说毛主席关注细节，在细节上关心群众，我鼓励学生：“你们也很注重阅读，关注细节，找到很多细小的地方反映毛主席的品质。”在激励下，他们的阅读积极性更高，更多细小的地方都找出来，还提出了许多问题。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大概文章体现毛主席的关心体贴群众，比较接近学生生活，学生更能体会，更有话说。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2010-1-6 21:31:00</pubDate>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[《开国大典》教学随笔]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2010/1639.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 111.05pt; mso-char-indent-count: 7.9"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《开国大典》教学随笔</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《开国大典》写的是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1949</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月１日，中华人民共和国中央人民政府成立，在首都北京举行典礼的空前盛况，充分表达了中国人民当家做主的自豪、欢乐的心情。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　本课先写了举行开国大典的时间、地点和参加人员；接着写了天安门广场的位置，及广场的情况；再接着写了开国大典的盛况；最后讲了游行队伍。课文篇幅较长，因此，我让学生从课文的重难点入手，再有机地拓展到课外内容，从而突出重点，突破难点。我首先由课题导入，理解“开国大典”：创建国家的重大典礼。因此开国大典“隆重、规模盛大、庄严、热烈”。其次是学生进行阅读，理请文章的写作顺序，文章按照几部分来描写开国大典的。第三步由学生边默读边找出文章描写这一隆重、热烈、庄严、盛大氛围的语句加以体会，说明理由。第四步，让学生在文中画出表现人民群众激动、自豪的句子，读一读，并写出自己的体会。让学生感受开国大典的盛况，画出表现人民群众在中国共产党的领导下，建立了新中国的激动、自豪的句子，让学生的自我学习、内化过程从中得以体现。再引导学生朗读，分别采用齐读、轮读、边读边鼓掌的形式读。语调要高昂，情绪要饱满，体会出人们无比高兴、自豪、激动的心情。最后引导学生画一画</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">丁字形广场</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，并按书上讲的方位标上相应的位置名称。再说说各位置上的设施。这样学生通过动笔画，对此段内容就有了较清楚的了解。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2010-1-3 14:34:00</pubDate>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[《狼牙山五壮士》教学反思]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2009/1615.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">《狼牙山五壮士》教学反思<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《狼牙山五壮士》是一篇精读课文，记叙了抗日战争时期八路军某部七连六班的五名战士，为了掩护群众和连队主力安全转移，同敌人英勇奋战，最后壮烈跳崖的故事，表现了五壮士热爱祖国和人民、仇恨敌人、勇于献身的精神。因这篇课文所写的是战争年代时期发生的事，离学生的生活距离比较遥远，学生学起来会有一定的难度，所以让学生在课前预习好课文，教师组织学生观看该影片，再现当时的情景，课前搜集有关狼牙山五壮士的材料来加深理解，使得学生在课前有了较充分的准备，更便于理解教材。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本单元的训练重点是快速阅读课文。课后思考</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">?</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">练习第四题“课文中两次讲到完成掩护任务，哪一次作为重点来写的，为什么要这样写？”从这道题可以看出需要让学生学会详写与略写。所以在教学时让学生划出五壮士的神态、动作、语言的词语理解讨论，在讨论的过程中，让学生理解神态、动作、语言的词语所表达的效果，学生通过感情朗读，充分发挥学生的思维，课堂气氛十分热烈，情绪高昂。学生不仅掌握了知识，还懂得了词语所表达的效果。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如讲《狼牙山五壮士》第三段时，先让学生读课文，找出哪几句是直接描写五壮士的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">?(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">学生回答有两句话：一句写班长，一句写另四个战士</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">老师提问：班长斩钉截铁地说了一声“走”走，带头向莲花瓣走去。这个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">斩钉截铁</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是什么意思</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">?(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">让学生体会到班长在生与死的考验面前，态度果断、毫不犹豫，决心牺牲自己，掩护人民</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">再问：那四个战士怎么不一个一个写啊</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">?(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">学生回答：因为他们与班长的想法一致，决心把敌人引上绝路</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">接着问：从哪儿可以看出四个战士与班长想法一致</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">?(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">战士们热血沸腾，紧跟在班长后面</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="后">后</st1:PersonName>老师又问：为什么不用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">跟</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，而用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">紧跟</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”?(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">同学回答：这说明他们心里想的和班长想的完全一样，决心为人民献身</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这<st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="时">时</st1:PersonName>老师引导学生体会：文章只用了一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">走</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">紧跟</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">就把五壮士那种为人民勇于献身的崇高的思想境界展现出来，可见一字一词的运用都是经过作者认真思考才写上去的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最后再让学生感情朗读课文，此时学生就很容易读出激情。尤其是五位壮士英勇跳崖的描写部分，无<st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="须">须</st1:PersonName>老师指导，学生的感情自然升华，达到较好的教学效果。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2009-12-22 20:18:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[《圆明园的毁灭》教学反思]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2009/1614.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=gpcentergtwrapgtleftgt20gcpdinc07 style="MARGIN: 15pt 0cm 7.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT face=宋体><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=ZH style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: ZH">《圆明园的毁灭》教学反思</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: ZH"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《圆明园的毁灭》这篇课文描述了圆明园昔日辉煌的景观和惨遭侵略者肆意践踏而毁灭的景象，表达了作者对祖国灿烂文化的无限热爱，对侵略者野蛮行径的无比仇恨，激发人们不忘国耻、振兴中华的责任感和使命感。从文章的内容来看相对单薄，缺少生动感性的描述，更缺乏对民族苦难的深层思考。于是，我适时地给学生补充材料，如写有关圆明园毁灭的一首小诗，数量众多的图片等等，我通过让学生充分感知语言，品味语言去感受昔日圆明园的精美，壮观。激起学生对昔日圆明园的无比热爱，无限向往。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">圆明园的辉煌已成为历史的记载，课文所介绍的内容都已消失，无法再现，引导学生读文，感受，想象，在脑海中再现它昔日的景观就成为我教学的重点和难点。文章从众心拱月的布局、风格各异的建筑、收藏珍贵文物这三个方面来再现圆明园辉煌的过去，在引导学生扎扎事实理解语言文字的基础上，使学生对圆明园有更多更形象地了解，语言的生动可以充分的调动学生学习的积极性和兴趣，又加深了对课文的理解，当学生沉浸在圆明园的辉煌中时话锋一转：这样一座举世闻名的皇家园林却被毁灭了，是谁毁灭了它？为什么会被毁灭？指导学生抓住重点词语学习文章最后一段。我再借助多媒体创设情境，给学生播放《火烧圆明园》片段，直观感受侵略者的残暴与野蛮。再组织学生说话练习：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">假如此时你正在圆明园的废墟旁，你最想说些什么？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">同学们都感慨万千。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最后我再次组织学生通读课文，鼓励学生发表自己的阅读感受和体会，有的为圆明园的毁灭而感到惋惜，有的是对侵略者的无比仇恨</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">……</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过教学，绝大多数学生心灵受到了极大震撼，他们对侵略者的野蛮罪行无比愤慨，并决心：牢记历史，不忘国耻。大大激发了学生振兴中华的责任感和使命感。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2009-12-22 20:16:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[关于教学案例]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2009/1609.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">一、什么是教学案例</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．什么是教学案例：教学案例是真实而又典型且含有问题的事件。简单地说，一个教学案例就是一个包含有疑难问题的实际情境的描述，是一个教学实践过程中的故事，描述的是教学过程中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">意料之外，情理之中的事</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。这可以从以下几个层次来理解：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　教学案例是事件：教学案例是对教学过程中的一个实际情境的描述。它讲述的是一个故事，叙述的是这个教学故事的产生、发展的历程，它是对教学现象的动态性的把握。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　教学案例是含有问题的事件：事件只是案例的基本素材，并不是所有的教学事件都可以成为案例。能够成为案例的事件，必须包含有问题或疑难情境在内，并且也可能包含有解决问题的方法在内。正因为这一点，案例才成为一种独特的研究成果的表现形式。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　案例是真实而又典型的事件：案例必须是有典型意义的，它必须能给读者带来一定的启示和体会。案例与故事之间的根本区别是：故事是可以杜撰的，而案例是不能杜撰和抄袭的，它所反映的是真是发生的事件，是教学事件的真实再现。是对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">当前</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">课堂中真实发生的实践情景的描述。它不能用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">摇摆椅子上杜撰的事实来替代</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">，也不能从抽象的、概括化的理论中演绎的事实来替代。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．教学案例的特征：案例是一种写作的形式，那么它与我们平时所说的论文等形式有什么区别，又有什么特点呢？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）与论文的区别</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">从文体和表述方式上来看，论文是以说理为目的，以议论为主的；而案例则以记录为目的，以记叙为主，兼有议论和说明。也就是说，案例是讲一个故事，是通过故事来说明道理。因此，从写作的思路和思维方式上来看，二者也有很大的区别。论文写作一般是一种演绎思维，思维的方式是从抽象到具体，而案例写作是一种归纳思维，思维的方式是从具体到抽象。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）与教案、教学设计、教学实录的区别</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一般来说，与教案、教学设计的区别比较容易理解。教案和设计都是事先设想的教学思路，是对准备实施的教学措施的简要说明；案例则是对已发生的教学过程的反映。一个写在教之前，一个写在教之后；一个是预期，一个是结果。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22.5pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">案例与教学实录的体例比较相近，它们的区别也体现了案例的特点和价值。同样是对教学情境的描述，教学实录是有闻必录，而案例是有所选择的。至于怎样选择，就要看案例撰写的目的和功能了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><A name=4></A><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">二、教学案例的结构要素</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">从文章结构上看，案例一般包含以下几个基本的元素。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）背景</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">案例需要向读者交代故事发生的有关情况：时间、地点、人物、事情的起因等。如介绍一堂课，就有必要说明这堂课是在什么背景情况下上的，是一所重点学校还是普通学校，是有经验的优秀教师还是年青的新教师，是经过准备的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">公开课</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">还是平时的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">家常课</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">，等等。背景介绍并不需要面面俱到，重要的是说明故事的发生是否有什么特别的原因或条件。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）主题</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">案例要有一个主题。写案例首先要考虑我这个案例想反映什么问题，是想说明怎样转变差生，还是强调怎样启发思维，或者是介绍如何组织小组讨论等等，动笔前都要有一个比较明确的想法。比如学校开展研究性学习活动，不同的研究课题、研究小组、研究阶段，会面临不同的问题、情境、经历，都有自己的独特性。写作时应该从最有收获、最有启发的角度切入，选择并确立主题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）细节</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">有了主题，写作时就不会有闻必录，而要是对原始材料进行筛选，有针对性地向读者交代特定的内容。比如介绍教师如何指导学生掌握学习方法，就要把学生怎么从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">不会</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">会学</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">的转折过程，特别是关键性的细节写清楚。不能把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">方法</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">介绍了一番，说到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">掌握</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">就一笔带过了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）结果</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一般来说，教案和教学设计只有设想的措施而没有实施的结果，教学实录通常</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">也只记录教学的过程而不介绍教学的效果；而案例则不仅要说明教学的思路、描述教学的过程，还要交代教学的结果，即这种教学措施的即时效果，包括学生的反映和教师的感受等。读者知道了结果，将有助于加深对整个过程的内涵的了解。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22.5pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">5</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）评析</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对于案例所反映的主题和内容，包括教学的指导思想、过程、结果，对其利弊得失，作者要有一定的看法和分析。评析是在记叙基础上的议论，可以进一步揭示事件的意义和价值。比如同样一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">差生</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">转化的事例，我们可以从教学学、心理学、社会学等不同的理论角度切入，揭示成功的原因和科学的规律。评析不一定是理论阐述，也可以是就事论事、有感而发，引起人的共鸣，给人以启发。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">三、</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">撰写教学案例的方法及关键点</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1. </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">撰写教学案例的方法</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">选择一个有冲突的教学事件。一节课下来，觉得要写的事件很多，那么哪一个事件才该选择？哪一个对于自我发现更有潜力？案例的性质怎样，是关于教学策略、学生行为还是教学政策方面？案例的目的是为了增进理解，还是为了职业发展？尽管没有一个选择是非遵循不可的规则，但下面一些建议对写好一个案例却仍是有益的：事件对你有情感力量吗（心灵是否受到震撼）？事件呈现的是一个你不能确定怎样解决的进退两难的境地，还是你成功地解决了一个他人可能进退两难的问题？事件需要你做出困难的选择吗？事件使得你必须以一种感觉不熟悉的方式亦或是仍在思考的方式回答吗？事件暗示一个与道德或道义上相关的问题吗？如果有冲突的事件满足以上各条，那么你的选择在自我学习、内省和深层次理解方面就可能更加富有成效。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对事件背景进行描述。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">在描述事件的背景时要考虑：这种情况以前出现过吗？第一次引起你注意是什么时候？这以后发生了什么？接连发生的事件是怎样开始的？事件发生的上下文（即情境）是什么？开始的场景中你的反应是什么？你的反应怎样使事情的发展变得更加顺利或怎样使之恶化？影响那个事件的心理的、社会的因素是什么？物质环境因素是什么？教学因素是什么？</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">历史因素是什么？在写案例时，你要为即将发生的事件设置场景，做好铺垫。要注意把重要事件放在它所发生的上下文中，必须考虑事件是在上下文中才得以理解的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">确定事件中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">演员</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">每个故事都是因为有了一群活生生的人物、有贡献的角色才得以充实。在案例写作时要考虑：谁是主要演员和次要演员？出场的演员是谁？幕后演员是谁？每个人都扮演了什么角色？相互之间关系怎样？与你的关系呢？坚持考虑每个角色个人的情感、动机、目的、期望，不要忘记把自己放于演员表之中；不要忘记通过情感、动机、目的、个人价值这面多棱镜来审视你的角色；也要审视你可能要做的假定：假设源于何处？它怎样影响你的行动？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">检查你行动的结果。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">教师所做的每个行动都会产生一系列的反应。你的回应引起的一些反应是什么？对学生的影响是什么？对班级气氛的影响是什么？对其他演员的影响是什么？你所采取或未采取的行为对自己的结果是什么？你的行为以何种方式提高或降低你对自己的重视？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">5</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">假设你再次遇到该事件。你怎样以不同观点看待事件？看待演员？如果再做一次，你的行为不同之处是什么？现在允许你重新考虑，你要选择一个不同的回答吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">写好案例的关键</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　写好个教学案例，有三个关键问题需要注意。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）选择复杂的情境</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">所谓复杂的情境，是指故事的发生、发展具有多种可能性。教师在教学活动中面临着各种各样的问题情境，需要进行判断、选择、决定。复杂的情境提供了更多的选择、思考和想象的余地，因而给人以更多的启迪。学校教学中有许多典型事例和两难问题，应该怎样处理，案例可以从不同角度反映教师的行为、态度和思想感情，提出解决的思路和例证。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　所谓复杂，也是相对的。你认为复杂，他认为不复杂；以前觉得复杂，现在觉得不复杂。因此教学情境的选择，是因人、因时、因地而异的。选择什么样的情境和材料，要有针对性。一是要符合当前教改实践的需要，提出人们所关心的、想了解的事情和问题；二是考虑案例交流的范围，是公开发表，还是校内交流，或者仅供个人参考。总之，撰写案例不能只顾讲述一个生动的故事，还要注意为什么讲、向谁讲这个故事。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）揭示人物的心理</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">人物的行为是故事的表面现象，人物的心理则是故事发展的内在依据。面对同一个情境，不同的教师可能有不同的处理方式。为什么会有各种不同的做法，这些教学行为的内在逻辑是什么，执教者是怎么想的？案例能够深入人的内心世界，让读者</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">知其所以然</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。这也是案例不同于教案和教学实录的地方，好的案例应该能够发挥这个特点和优势。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　人物心理的另一个重要方面是学生的心理活动。由于案例一般是教师撰写的，注意力容易偏重于教师这一方。自己怎么想的，怎么教的，效果如何如何，可以娓娓道来，自我感觉良好；但学生的心里是怎么想的，对教学效果的看法是否与教师一致，往往被忽略不计了。人们常说</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">备课要备两头</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">：备教材，备学生。真实地反映学生在教学过程中的想法、感受，是写好案例的重要一环。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22.5pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">　　（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）具有独到的思考</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">同一件事，可以引发不同的思考。从一定意义上来说，案例的质量是由思考水平的高低所决定的。因为，选择复杂情境也好，揭示人物心理也好，把握各种结构要素也好，都是从一定的观察角度出发，在一定的思想观点的引导下进行的。要从纷繁复杂的教学现象中发现问题、提出问题、解决问题，道出人所欲知而不能言者，这需要一双</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">慧眼</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。具备这样的功力没有什么秘诀和捷径，只有通过长期的磨炼去领悟和掌握。</SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2009-12-16 11:03:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[《慈母情深》教学反思]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2009/1599.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT face=宋体><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">《慈母情深》教学反思</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">《慈母情深》一课讲述了作者很想得到一本书，去母亲工作的地方要钱买书，看到母亲那么辛劳，就买了水果罐头给母亲，母亲数落了我，但还是给我凑钱买书。从这件日常生活小事中表现出慈母对子女的深情，以及孩子对母亲的热爱之情。这是一篇略读课文，文章描写细腻，情感真挚，语言浅显易懂。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">在教学过程中，我放手让学生自主阅读，让学生了解课文主要讲了一件什么事。使学生在阅读时深入理解课文的内容，为准确把握作者所表达的感情奠定了基础。接着，我让学生根据阅读要求，来体会情感。我主要是抓住<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>母亲的外貌、语言、动作<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的描写，让学生自己画出句子，自己体会母亲的深情，在全班交流并朗读他们的体会。然后又让学生通过朗读体会文中<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的感受，体会作者的懂事。在教学中我还补充了拓展阅读。读读<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>阅读链接<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>中的《纸船<SPAN lang=EN-US>──</SPAN>寄母亲》，以</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">更好地帮助学生进一步感受慈母情深。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">反思自己的整个教学过程，课前预设的教学目标都完成了，但总有些许遗憾在心头。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">上课的过程中，在指导学生品读重点词句的环节不知不觉花了不少时间，可总感觉学生的理解仍浮于表面。如果还有机会，应该调整教学策略，促进学生的全面发挥，促进课堂知识的全面吸收。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2009-12-1 20:57:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[《地震中的父与子》教学反思]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2009/1594.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 63.45pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.95"><SPAN><STRONG><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4>&nbsp; 《地震中的父与子》教学反思<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></STRONG></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">《地震中的父与子》是感受父母的爱这一单元的第一篇课文，</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black">课文讲述的是美国洛杉矶大地震中，一位父亲冒着危险，抱着坚定信念，不顾劝阻，历尽艰辛，经过<SPAN lang=EN-US>38</SPAN>小时的挖掘，终于在废墟中救出儿子和同伴的故事，歌颂了伟大的父爱，赞扬了深厚的父子之情。描写具体，情感真挚，是这篇课文的主要特点。而</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">这一课的学习目标是把握课文内容通过语言、动作、外貌的描写感受父亲对儿子深厚的爱。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>在教学中我抓住牵一发动全身的关键问题：“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>为什么说这对父子了不起？”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>让学生带着学习目标深入探究。学生从父亲的动作、语言、外貌感受到父亲的了不起，父亲的艰辛和父亲伟大的爱，感受到父亲是一个恪守诺言有责任感的人。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312"><FONT face=宋体>在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">5</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312"><FONT face=宋体>——</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">11</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">节的学习中，我让学生展开想象，补充父亲和有些人，消防队长，警察的对话。通过这一活动的设计让学生进一步感受父亲救子之心的急切和忘我。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">从阿曼达在废墟上告诉同学不要害怕，坚持生的希望，得到父亲的救援时，他首先让同学出去，感受到儿子的了不起，父亲为信守诺言“</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>不论发生什么，我总会跟你在一起。”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>展示了父亲对儿子的爱。儿子因为父亲说过“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>不论发生什么，我总会跟你在一起”</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">而变得勇敢富有爱心，从而让学生感受到亲情使人无私高尚，亲情能创造神奇般的奇迹。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>在体会救人艰难时，我又引导学生想象三十八小时这一时间有多长，平日里我们在这么长的时间里做什么，而父亲在这三十八小时里做了什么——他只是用手不停的挖，不曾喝水，不曾睡觉，不曾休息，不顾一切的，只有一个念头支撑着他——“儿子在等我！”。通过这一联系生活实际的对比使学生感受到：正是这样一个信念让他有了惊人的毅力，有了非凡的举动。这一教学活动的设计使学生对这一父亲更加钦佩，对父爱感受也更进一层。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2009-11-29 16:09:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[《遨游汉字王国》教学反思]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2009/1593.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 88.35pt; mso-char-indent-count: 5.5; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">《遨游汉字王国》教学反思<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《遨游汉字王国》是五年级上册中的一种全新的教材形式──独立的综合性学习单元。这种学习方式是学生进入小学以来第一次接触，无论对学生还是对教师来说都是一次全新的体验。这个单元由“有趣的汉字”与“我爱你，汉字”两个综合性主题学习活动组成。每个主题学习活动都是先提出活动建议，然后给出一组阅读材料；这些主体阅读材料之前都有一个“导语”，“导语”中提出学习任务，之后有一个结束语，提出办展览、办手抄报等成果展示和继续探究的建议。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">综合性学习活动是我以前教学没有接触过的，我一直在想应该怎样上这一课，后来我反复看了教学建议，认为着重点应该放在学生的自主学习上，因此我先让他们分成几个小组，然后设定活动计划，再按组长安排去分工查找资料，最后小组合作制作手抄报。孩子们兴趣很高，他们计划顶得很周全，甚至连谁带彩笔和纸都安排到位。在前几节课孩子们都讨论得很热烈，我巡视一下，发现他们团结协作得不错，下课时，我让他们汇报小组学习的收获，都说得很好。后几节课我又让他们接着合作学习，却发现问题出现了：孩子们在刚开始就把谜语，歇后语，笑话，对联等交流完了，有的手抄报也制作结束了，后几节课无事可做，而且，做手抄报时有的孩子因为能力差，根本没有动手的机会。于是我及时引导了他们从更多活动方式来学习，并且强调合作学习，孩子们因为找到新的学习点，又兴奋起来了。看来，在综合性学习活动中，必要的扶和放都是不可缺少的，教师的引导协助也是特别重要的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
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<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2009-11-29 15:45:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[《落花生》教学随笔]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2009/1483.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 112.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 7.46"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《落花生》教学随笔</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《落花生》是一篇极富哲理的文章，语言优美，感情真挚，含义深刻，对学生极具教育意义。全文围绕“种花生——收花生——尝花生——议花生”的顺序来写，重点写了“议花生”这部分内容。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学本课时，我注重让学生在自主阅读、深情朗读中感悟、体验文本内容，在品读中体会落花生的精神。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">比如：在初读课文整体感知这一环节中，在学生明确课文围绕“落花生”讲了“种花生、收花生、尝花生、议花生”这几部分内容后，我提出一个问题：“这几个部分内容中你最喜欢读哪个部分，为什么？”让学生自选内容，学习体会，学生兴趣盎然，精彩纷呈。学生在无拘无束和非强制性的自学中个性得到了发展。而通过学生的发言，我知道多数学生喜欢读“议花生”这一部分，而这一部分恰好又是文章重点、难点之所在，这样，我就从学生的兴趣需要中找到教学的突破口，从而增强了学生学习的主动性和积极性，提高了学习效果。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">还有在引导学生理解“人要做有用的人，不要做只讲体面而对别人没有好处的人。”体会这句话的内涵时，我紧紧围绕这句话引导学生展开讨论：什么样的人是有用的人？让学生多角度、多方位地去思考和解决问题，由落花生的特点进而阐明做人的道理。落花生外表不好看，但它有用，有益于人类，有着内在的美，有一种默默奉献的精神。在此基础上点拨学生联系周围的生活实例深谈，学生在我的启发下，感悟到的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">环卫工人</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">警察叔叔</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“教师”等工作都是具有花生品格的人。从而使学生明辨是非，强化了情感的熏陶。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因此，我认为在语文教学中，教师必须以人为本，还给学生自由的空间，充分尊重学生的个性，让人文精神在语文教学中得以渗透，这样才会收到满意的教学效果。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2009-11-8 21:40:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[《珍珠鸟》教学随笔]]></title>
<link>www.qk3x.com/oblog/index.htmlu/chenzhenghua/archives/2009/1468.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 119.45pt; mso-char-indent-count: 8.5"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《珍珠鸟》教学随笔</SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《珍珠鸟》是我国著名作家冯骥才老先生的一篇优美的散文。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">文章以丰富、细腻的笔触描绘了“我”与珍珠鸟是怎样和谐相处的，揭示了“信赖，往往创造出美好的境界”的深刻内涵。<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">很喜欢读这样的课文，因为文章字里行间传递出人与动物之间的相依相存，那场景是那么温馨、美好，令人回味，令人向往。记得当年练习普通话考级的时候，材料中就有这篇文章，虽然读过无数遍，但每回再读仍然总是那么津津有味，毫不厌倦。特别是那句——</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">真好！朋友送我一对珍珠鸟。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">一开篇，作者便用欣喜的语气道出了自己的心声，并以此奠定了全文的轻松基调。通读全篇，读者始终被作者的笔牵引着，被人对动物的关爱之情笼罩着，与作者一起悉心体察着这可爱又怕人的鸟的一举一动。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">根据本文特点，结合新的课程理念，本课在教学时注重以人为本，以读为本。主要采取情境体验式教学法，引导学生紧紧抓住珍珠鸟与作者情感变化这一主线，自主探究，自主感悟，合作交流，让学生在各种形式的对话过程中获得独特的感受和体验，让其思维在互动中交流，情感在感悟中升华。</SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><BR></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">比如：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">在“体会珍珠鸟是怎样逐步信赖我”这个教学片段中，我设计分两个步骤来解决这个问题。一是找出珍珠鸟信赖作者的片段品读，谈谈感受；二是找出珍珠鸟是怎样逐渐信赖作者的词语、句子，好好体会。在第二个步骤中，我着重引导学生学习第<SPAN lang=EN-US>8-14</SPAN>自然段，来品味珍珠鸟对作者的逐步信赖。从这部分文字中，不难看出，珍珠鸟对作者的信赖经历了三个过程。在这三个过程的描写中，交织着时间顺序的先后、珍珠鸟活动位置的转移及珍珠鸟活动表现的变化。无论是从哪一个角度，都能看出珍珠鸟对作者的逐步信赖。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这一过程是学生自己去阅读、自己去发现的，老师所做的只是引导与激励。经常训练，我想学生的阅读感知能力与整体把握能力会慢慢得到提高。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
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<author>chenzhenghua</author>
<pubDate>2009-11-7 16:39:00</pubDate>
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